D. in economics. Researcher in 1973-94 at the Institute of Labor and Social Affairs in the Department of Living Conditions, in 1994-2010 at the Institute for Market Economy Research, and in 1993- 2016 professor at the Vistula Academy of Finance and Business (formerly Wyższa Szkoła Ubezpieczeń i Bankowości). From 1991 to 1993, Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, responsible for social insurance and working conditions in Poland. From 2001 to 2007, president of the Social Insurance Institution. From 2011 to 2015, Insurance Ombudsman and then Financial Ombudsman (2015 -2019). Member of the Economic Council to the Prime Minister (2010-2015).
